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Jordan
>> Regional Overview >> Jordan Overview ACTIVITY DATA SHEET
PROGRAM: Jordan
TITLE AND NUMBER: Improved Water Resources Management, 278-002
STATUS: Continuing
PLANNED FY 2001 OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: $43,845,000 ESF
PROPOSED FY 2002 OBLIGATION AND FUNDING SOURCE: $58,000,000 ESF
INITIAL OBLIGATION: FY 1995 ESTIMATED COMPLETION DATE: FY 2004Summary: USAID's Improved Water Resources Management objective supports U.S. foreign policy objectives related to reducing global environmental degradation and promoting economic prosperity. Because water scarcity has been a key issue in the Middle East peace process, improving Jordan's ability to manage its limited water resources helps support regional stability. USAID's water programs are focused on strengthening key public sector water institutions, increasing water use efficiency, and improving the quality of treated wastewater for use in agriculture and industry.
All Jordanians benefit from improvements in the water sector. The rehabilitation of the water network in Amman will benefit an estimated 870,000 residents. An estimated 40,000 residents as well as the tourist sector will directly benefit from the new wastewater treatment facilities constructed at Wadi Mousa near Petra. This also will help protect Jordan's premier tourist attraction. Proposed new and expanded wastewater treatment facilities at Mafraq, As-Samra and Aqaba will benefit about 60,000; 1,900,000; and 120,000 residents, respectively.
Key Results: Construction was completed on three important infrastructure projects during 2000: the Wadi Mousa wastewater treatment plant serving an estimated 40,000 residents in the area and approximately half a million visitors to Petra each year; water treatment plants for four contaminated springs and wells, serving 120,000 people; and the rehabilitation of the Ministry of Health's Environmental Health Lab, which tests water and wastewater from across the country. In addition, the designs for the North Shouneh wastewater treatment plant and the Greater Amman water system rehabilitation project were completed. The design plans for the expansion of the Aqaba wastewater treatment plant are now being finalized.
The North Shouneh construction will not proceed because of cost considerations. But the other two designs (Greater Amman and Aqaba) have set the stage for new infrastructure projects that are expected to commence. Other international donors have not identified funding for the North Shouneh activity. Policy related fieldwork and analysis are underway on groundwater and wastewater reuse issues. A new water education program was launched during 2000, resulting in a broad range of training activities. Donor coordination helped shape a common policy agenda, including an increase in the wastewater tariff for Amman and submission of a new irrigation tariff plan to the Jordanian Cabinet.
Performance and Prospects: Significant fieldwork and analysis on options to reduce groundwater over-pumping and optimize wastewater reuse have been completed under the policy implementation project that was launched in 1999. The Private Sector Participation program trained 74 people; model tender documents for build-operate-transfer or build-operate-own infrastructure projects were developed for the Ministry of Water & Irrigation (MWI). Tender documents for a private management contract for the Wadi Mousa project were prepared. Also, the Jordanian government approved and publicly announced a 12% wastewater tariff increase required for the new As-Samra wastewater plant.
During 2000, USAID launched its new water education program. A range of activities is now underway to encourage greater conservation through the use of water saving devices, preventive home maintenance, and water use behavior change. These programs actively involve young people, religious leaders, and women. In addition, about 300 procurement staff from the MWI, Water Authority of Jordan (WAJ) and Jordan Valley Authority (JVA) were trained in host country contracting, project management, and value engineering. A policies and procedures manual for the procurement process was developed. USAID also is supporting a strategic planning process in the JVA that complements a new World Bank project to modernize the JVA and support selected development activities in the Jordan Valley.
Improving the use of existing water supplies will help further stretch scarce water resources. This includes reducing losses due to physical leaks, contamination, and poor irrigation practices. During FY 2000, design of the USAID portion of the multi-donor program to rehabilitate the entire water network of Amman was completed. Four rehabilitated springs and wells were opened in July. The rehabilitation of the Ministry of Health's Environmental Health Laboratory also was completed. Construction was started on plants to treat contaminated water at three springs in the city of Salt and three wells at Kafrein.
Preliminary technical and financial feasibility work has begun on a major new water supply project that will draw on several surface water sources near the Dead Sea, channel the water to a desalination plant, and then pipe the water to Amman for municipal use. Most importantly, this project will provide the urban area of Amman with a second source of potable water. Results of the Irrigation Advisory Service in the Jordan Valley from the first full cropping season show significant reductions in water use with no reduction in yield and, in some cases, increases in yields. In the summer of 2000, the JVA approved and submitted to the Cabinet a recommendation for irrigation water tariff restructuring based on analytical work supported by USAID. In coordination with other donors, USAID also is engaged in policy dialogue with the Government of Jordan on the need for significant structural reforms in the irrigated agricultural sector.
Improving the quality of treated wastewater to allow its reuse in agriculture and industry is another USAID priority. Construction of the new wastewater treatment plant and conveyance system in Wadi Mousa was completed and the project was turned over to the WAJ until a private management contract can be awarded. The pre-qualification of bidders and issuance of a request for proposals on a major new As-Samra wastewater project also was completed, with a view toward attracting significant private-sector involvement and investment. Finally, a feasibility study was begun on a proposed new wastewater treatment plant in Mafraq. The aim of this project is to seek maximum effluent reuse and introduce more cost-efficient wastewater technology to Jordan.
The information provided below is illustrative.
In FY 2001, USAID expects to-
- Obligate $14.845 million for the expansion of the Aqaba wastewater treatment plant, an important infrastructure activity that will serve the growth needs of the Aqaba Special Economic Zone focused around Jordan's only port city;
- Provide $13 million for the Mafraq wastewater treatment plant, subject to the findings of the feasibility study now underway;
- Obligate $11 million for the Ma'an treatment plant and pipeline project providing an important new source of potable water to Amman;
- Provide $3 million for technical assistance and training aimed at promoting policy reform and expanding private sector participation in Jordan's water sector; and
- Obligate $2 million for other water activities, including potential increases in construction costs and as a contingency to help cover any unexpected, emergency requirements in the water sector.
Life-of-objective funding for this objective will increase by $126,000,000, bringing the new funding total to $526,000,000.
Possible Adjustments to Plans: When the evaluation of the policy implementation project is completed, USAID will determine whether to continue with the current project or develop a follow-on activity. Also, based on the results of the feasibility study for the Mafraq wastewater treatment plant, USAID will determine whether to proceed with the project. The decision on whether or not to proceed with other potential construction projects is contingent upon the results of similar feasibility and design studies. Given the importance of water to Jordan and the ever-present threat of drought, there also is the possibility of having to respond to crises or concerns that may unexpectedly arise in the water sector, as was the case in the Zai water treatment plant two years ago. Flexibility has been built into the objective to ensure that it is possible to respond to such events. A small environmental activity in collaboration with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency could be funded to support the Free Trade Agreement between the United States and Jordan.
Other Donor Programs: Extensive efforts have been made to ensure effective coordination in the water sector at both the policy and activity levels. Investments were shaped by a $5 billion, fourteen-year plan covering all major water and wastewater infrastructure development. USAID was the largest donor of grant funds in FY 2000. Other major donors include the World Bank, Sweden, Germany, Italy, and France. USAID is an active participant in regular water sector donor coordination meetings. Additionally, there are numerous projects that involve multi-donor funding, such as the rehabilitation of the Amman water network, the Wadi Mousa project, the As-Samra wastewater project, and the JVA strategic planning effort.
Principal Contractors, Grantees, or Agencies: Major U.S. contractors for engineering and construction work include: Camp, Dresser & McKee, Inc.; Morganti Group; Hazen & Sawyer; Metcalf & Eddy; Montgomery Watson; Harza; and CH2Mhill. Abt & Associates; Associates in Rural Development; Development Alternatives Incorporated; Chemonics; and the Academy for Educational Development provide technical assistance on privatization, policy implementation, cost recovery and strategic planning, host country contracting, and water education. Washington State University, in consortium with Purdue University, the University of South Carolina and several Jordanian universities, is conducting a training and research program. Major Jordanian counterparts include the MWI, WAJ, JVA, and local NGOs and universities.
FY 2002 Performance Table
Jordan: 278-002
Performance Measures:
Indicator FY97 (Actual) FY98 (Actual) FY99 (Actual) FY00 (Actual) FY00 (Plan) FY01 (Plan) FY02 (Plan) Indicator 1: Volume of fresh water made available 41.1 45 45 7.5 14 MCM (7.5 MCM carried over + Salt 6.5 MCM) 8.7 MCM(6.5 MCM carried over from 2000 target plus Kefrein 2.2 MCM) N/A Indicator 2: Index of water policy implementation water policy framework (1)detailed plans for 2 key policies (2) changes in key policies (3) water policy framework (3) detailed plans for 2 key policies (4) changes in key policies (4) NA NA a, e, f (3) b, c, d, g, h, i, j (7) NA Indicator 3: Total wastewater treatment capacity available 0 0 0 1.2 1.2 Wadi Mousa 1.2 Wadi Mousa 1.2 Wadi Mousa Indicator 4: Volume of fresh water made available 41.1 45 45 7.5 14 MCM (7.5 MCM carried over + Salt 6.5 MCM) 8.7 MCM(6.5 MCM carried over from 2000 target plus Kefrein 2.2 MCM) N/A Indicator 5: Index of stronger water sector institutions NA NA NA a (1) a (1) b, c, d, e, f, j, k (7) g, h (2) Indicator 6: Total wastewater treatment capacity available 0 0 0 1.2 1.2 Wadi Mousa 1.2 Wadi Mousa 1.2 Wadi Mousa Indicator 7: Index of stronger water sector institutions NA NA NA a (1) a (1) b, c, d, e, f, j, k (7) g, h (2) Indicator 8: Index of water policy implementation water policy framework (1)detailed plans for 2 key policies (2) changes in key policies (3) water policy framework (3) detailed plans for 2 key policies (4) changes in key policies (4) NA NA a, e, f (3) b, c, d, g, h, i, j (7) NA Indicator Information:
Indicator Level (S) or (IR) Unit of Measure Source Indicator Description Indicator 1: IR Million Cubic Meters (not cumulative) Water Authority - plant operational records Million cubic meters of water made available on annual basis as result of USAID activities. Activities include increased technical efficiency in irrigation (1997 only), improvement to the Zai water treatment plant, rehabilitation of contaminated springs & wells, restructuring, rehabilitation of Amman water network to decrease leakage, & other activities that might be initiated in future. Indicator 2: IR Index points (1 point for each element) Ministry of Water and Irrigation records This indicator was modified in 1999. Description from 1996-1998: Ministry of Water and Irrigation is better able to formulate and effect water policy that will allow for sustainable water supplies in the future. The index included a) adoption of water policy frameworks covering critical issues, b) development of detailed plans for at least 2 key policies, and c) accomplishment of change in at least one key policy. In 1999 the emphasis of water sector policy support activities shifted from policy development and planning to policy implementation. A revised index of water policy implementation was established, focusing on 1) sustainable groundwater withdrawal policies, and 2) optimized use of treated wastewater for irrigated agriculture, both in the Amman-Zarqa Basin. The components of the new index are: a) Water resources data for sustainable groundwater withdrawal policies are available in a form useful for management decisions. b) Water resources data to support policies for optimal use of treated wastewater are complete in a form useful for management decisions. c) Groundwater reduction incentives are developed and tested. d) A monitoring program is developed for each policy implementation option related to groundwater. e) Wastewater reuse options investigated (technical, economic, user and public acceptance examined) f) Wastewater storage, conveyance and blending options investigated. g) Draft groundwater implementation plan is completed. h) Wastewater reuse masterplan is completed. i) Wastewater reuse standards and processes improved. j. Wastewater reuse monitoring programs developed. Indicator 3: IR Million Cubic Meters (cumulative) WAJ and contract or records Total new capacity available to treat wastewater to national standards for irrigation (cubic meters). Indicator 4: IR Million Cubic Meters (not cumulative) Water Authority - plant operational records Million cubic meters of water made available on annual basis as result of USAID activities. Activities include increased technical efficiency in irrigation (1997 only), improvement to the Zai water treatment plant, rehabilitation of contaminated springs & wells, restructuring, rehabilitation of Amman water network to decrease leakage, & other activities that might be initiated in future. Indicator 5: IR Index points (1 point for each element) USAID activity managers and contractor's progress reports This indicator measures those elements of progress towards achieving stronger water sector institutions that are within USAID's manageable interest. Between 1993-98 under the Water Quality Improvement Project, USAID supported a variety of technical assistance activities aimed at strengthening the MWI, JVA and WAJ. Activities included developing a MIS and water resources database, preparing a national water strategy and sub-sectoral policies and establishing water quality monitoring capability. This indicator builds upon a substantial amount of work previously supported by USAID. The index is comprised of the following elements: a. An increase in the Amman wastewater tariff of up to 12% is announced.; b. JVA implements a financial accounting system consistent with accepted water utility practices; c. One new management contract for water or wastewater system in place; d. One water or wastewater project is contracted on a BOT basis; e. Tariffs for irrigation water in the Jordan Valley are restructured to reflect differences in quality; f. A 50% reduction in time for the host country contracting process from prequalification to construction contract award; g. The MWI implements measures to reduce groundwater depletion in the Amman-Zarqa Basin; h. A Wastewater reuse masterplan for the Amman-Zarqa basin is adopted by the MWI; i. At least one local NGO has the capacity to conduct water conservation programs on a sustainable basis; j. JVA develop and adopts a strategic plan appropriate to the needs of the coming years, k. Wastewater fee collected Indicator 6: IR Million Cubic Meters (cumulative) WAJ and contract or records Total new capacity available to treat wastewater to national standards for irrigation (cubic meters). Indicator 7: IR Index points (1 point for each element) USAID activity managers and contractor's progress reports This indicator measures those elements of progress towards achieving stronger water sector institutions that are within USAID's manageable interest. Between 1993-98 under the Water Quality Improvement Project, USAID supported a variety of technical assistance activities aimed at strengthening the MWI, JVA and WAJ. Activities included developing a MIS and water resources database, preparing a national water strategy and sub-sectoral policies and establishing water quality monitoring capability. This indicator builds upon a substantial amount of work previously supported by USAID. The index is comprised of the following elements: a. An increase in the Amman wastewater tariff of up to 12% is announced.; b. JVA implements a financial accounting system consistent with accepted water utility practices; c. One new management contract for water or wastewater system in place; d. One water or wastewater project is contracted on a BOT basis; e. Tariffs for irrigation water in the Jordan Valley are restructured to reflect differences in quality; f. A 50% reduction in time for the host country contracting process from prequalification to construction contract award; g. The MWI implements measures to reduce groundwater depletion in the Amman-Zarqa Basin; h. A Wastewater reuse masterplan for the Amman-Zarqa basin is adopted by the MWI; i. At least one local NGO has the capacity to conduct water conservation programs on a sustainable basis; j. JVA develop and adopts a strategic plan appropriate to the needs of the coming years, k. Wastewater fee collected Indicator 8: IR Index points (1 point for each element) Ministry of Water and Irrigation records This indicator was modified in 1999. Description from 1996-1998: Ministry of Water and Irrigation is better able to formulate and effect water policy that will allow for sustainable water supplies in the future. The index included a) adoption of water policy frameworks covering critical issues, b) development of detailed plans for at least 2 key policies, and c) accomplishment of change in at least one key policy. In 1999 the emphasis of water sector policy support activities shifted from policy development and planning to policy implementation. A revised index of water policy implementation was established, focusing on 1) sustainable groundwater withdrawal policies, and 2) optimized use of treated wastewater for irrigated agriculture, both in the Amman-Zarqa Basin. The components of the new index are: a) Water resources data for sustainable groundwater withdrawal policies are available in a form useful for management decisions. b) Water resources data to support policies for optimal use of treated wastewater are complete in a form useful for management decisions. c) Groundwater reduction incentives are developed and tested. d) A monitoring program is developed for each policy implementation option related to groundwater. e) Wastewater reuse options investigated (technical, economic, user and public acceptance examined) f) Wastewater storage, conveyance and blending options investigated. g) Draft groundwater implementation plan is completed. h) Wastewater reuse masterplan is completed. i) Wastewater reuse standards and processes improved. j. Wastewater reuse monitoring programs developed. U.S. Financing
(In thousands of dollars)
Obligations Expenditures Unliquidated Through September 30, 1999 0 DA 0 DA 0 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 224,498 ESF 50,928 ESF 173,570 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA Fiscal Year 2000 0 DA 0 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 83,000 ESF 23,247 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA Through September 30, 2000 0 DA 0 DA 0 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 307,498 ESF 74,175 ESF 233,323 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA Prior Year Unobligated Funds 0 DA 0 CSD 0 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Planned Fiscal Year 2001 NOA 0 DA 0 CSD 43,845 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Total Planned Fiscal Year 2001 0 DA 0 CSD 43,845 ESF 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 DFA Future Obligations Est. Total Cost Proposed Fiscal Year 2002 NOA 0 DA 0 DA 0 DA 0 CSD 0 CSD 0 CSD 58,000 ESF 116,654 ESF 525,997 ESF 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 SEED 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 FSA 0 DFA 0 DFA 0 DFA
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Last Updated on: May 29, 2002 |
